Organic Chemistry

Alkanes (Straight chain with no branches)
- Hydrocarbon ---> A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon
- They are saturated because each Carbon atom is bonded to the maximum possible number of other atoms
- Carbon atoms are bonded by single bonds
- the names of hydrocarbons end in '-ane'

Name of parent compound chain
- The name is of the hydrocarbon is determined by the number of carbon it has

 

- Alkane formula = CnH2n+2

Alkyl (Branched Hydrocarbons)

- Alkyl is an alkane which has lost one hydrogen atom

eg. CH4----> Ch3-

- Naming: changing the "ane" ending of the original hydrocarbon to "yl"

eg. methane = CH4 ----> Methyl CH3-

Rule of Naming Alkyl

- include the carbon number at which the alkyl group is attached

- a dash
- the name of the alkyl group
- finally, the name of the parent hydrocarbon chain, to which the alkyl group is attached

eg. CH3-CH-CH2-CH2-Ch3

                '
              CH3                                    This is called 2-methylpentane

- Catherine